8 Fascinating Facts About the History of Vernon, BC

See also A Historic Timeline of Greater Vernon, BC here

#1 The Okanagan First Nations 
(“Syilx Nation”)

What is now Vernon, British Columbia was first inhabited by the Okanagan  (Sylix or "Sqilxw") Indians  of the Interior Salish People. The current area of the city was called Nintle-Noos-Chin by Okanagan Indians meaning roughly  “jumping over place”. This was because at this point the banks of the present day BX Creek nearly met and it was possible to leap across it. 

Of note among the Okanagan Indians was a chief named Hwistesmetxe'qen meaning Walking Grizzly Bear (1780/1785 – 1865). He would later be called Nicolas or Nicola by the fur traders and thus lent his name to many geographical features including the Nicola Valley. He at times lived at the Head of the Lake (The northwest tip of Okanagan Lake) and was known as a very great chief amongst the Interior Indians and a wise and peacemaking partner of the white fur traders. As Stan Saurwein states in his book Fintry: Lives, Loves and Dreams the father of the famous Indian Chief Nicola walked these lands with his people. “Pelkamulox’s people spent their summers roaming the plateau down to the Fintry delta and their winters at the village of Nkama’peleks, near the head of Lake Okanagan.”

Goastamana, son of Chief Kalamalka, with Ellen Ellison. Photo Credit FlyOK.ca

Kalamalka was also a well-known Indian chief in the area that is now Vernon. He was so popular that one of the first hotels in the city was named after him. Later, the beautifully coloured lake just south of Vernon would be renamed Kalamalka as well. 

#2 The Fur Traders & the Gold Rush 

In 1811, David Stuart of the Pacific Fur Company became the first white man (as far as we know) to see the Okanagan Valley. The Okanagan Brigade Trail was a main Hudson’s Bay trail linking Ft Vancouver (Washington State) to what is now Kamloops. It made use of early Indian trading routes and followed the Okanagan River and then blazed through the woods of the West side of Okanagan Lake. It was a significant boon to the growth of what would be Vernon. 

The Okanagan Trail, which was more or less the same route as the Brigade Trail brought miners up from the U.S.A. through the Okanagan and back to the areas of the Fraser River gold rush. In 1863 gold was discovered in Cherry Creek (about 40 Kilometres East of Vernon) and this led to some miners and traders settling in the Vernon area.

Luc Girourad is known as the first permanent white settler in the Vernon area (c.1861) – his cabin can still be seen beside the roundabout near the Schubert Centre ( 30th Ave. and 35th St.)  In 1859 the Oblate Missionaries of the Catholic Church entered the Valley having traveled all the way from France via the Oregon Territory. Anglican and Protestant churches would soon arrive in the ensuing years. 

#3 The Ranching Years 

In 1864 Forbes and Charles Vernon obtained a large ranch from fellow Irishman Charles Houghton. Houghton had named it the Coldstream Ranch (possibly after the Coldstream Guards, a regiment of the British Army). The District of Coldstream retains this name to this day and the nearby city was named in honour of Forbes Vernon.   In the same year Francis Barnard, of the BX Express fame, started a ranch north of the town site to breed his horses for use in his stagecoach business which was a formative influence in the early days of British Columbia. Today the area north of Vernon is still known as “The BX”. 

Cornelius O'Keefe

Forbes George Vernon

It was 1867 when perhaps the most famous of the ranchers, Cornelius O’Keefe, arrived with two others – Thomas Greenhow and Thomas Wood -  to establish a ranch near the Head of Okanagan Lake. This is the same year that the first town site was settled due in large part to satisfy the needs of the surrounding ranches. Price Ellison was also a very influential rancher, businessman and politician in the area and had his ranch near the bottom of East Hill. Vernon was at one 


time (c.1877) known as Forge Valley because of Ellison’s blacksmith shop.  Later it would become known as Priest’s Valley due to the presence of the Oblate Missionaries. 

#4 The Beginnings of a City 

As has been mentioned the area now known as Vernon had gone by three previous names ( Nintle-Noos-Chin, Forge Valley and Priest’s Valley). Then in 1885, E.J. Tronson and Charles Brewer laid out a town site and gave Vernon its fourth name – Centreville.  It wasn’t until 1887 that the town was officially named Vernon after Forbes G. Vernon. Back then local streets were named for local pioneers (you can still see the original names of some streets on small signs on the street posts) and today’s main business street (30th Avenue) was then known as Barnard Avenue after Francis Barnard. 

In 1892, Vernon was finally incorporated as a city of British Columbia. It became home to banks, hotels, schools, a fire hall, a hospital, a city newspaper, a courthouse and many varieties of stores. Japanese and Chinese settlers were also an important part of the culture and history of Vernon and there was for many years a “Chinatown” in Vernon’s midst.  Vernon was not only the first city incorporated in the Okanagan Valley but was for many years the largest and most influential one as well. 

#5 The Fruit Growing Industry 

Lord and Lady Aberdeen visited the Vernon area in 1890 and a year later purchased the Coldstream Ranch from Forbes Vernon. In 1892 the Aberdeen’s had 100 fruit trees planted at the ranch “in an effort to kick start a fruit growing industry in the region.” They also subdivided several parcels of land for others who wanted a future in the fruit growing business. 

Lord and Lady Aberdeen and family. PC: Greater Vernon Museum

Before long the Aberdeen’s were selling their produce to the CPR dining cars and hotels. However, they soon realized the need for irrigation channels and eventually the Grey Canal would be built in 1908. It would soon help irrigate the entire Vernon area.  The fruit industry in Coldstream and Vernon had begun and would eventually become famous all over the country and the world for its fine produce. The famous Vernon Fruit Union was eventually established in 1913.

#6 The Railway & Steamboats 

Perhaps one of the most significant years in the history of Vernon and of the Okanagan Valley in general was 1892 when a spur line called the Shuswap and Okanagan Railway was completed. Beginning as on off shoot of the famed Transcontinental Railway in Sicamous, the S & O  was the brainchild of Forbes Vernon and F.S. Barnard, among others, and it connected Vernon, Okanagan Landing just west of Vernon, and eventually all  of the Valley to the rest of the world. 

The launch of the SS Sicamous. PC sssicamous.ca

At Okanagan Landing where the tracks ended, the steam boats began. They travelled the entire distance of Okanagan Lake paddling past such places as Fintry, Okanagan Centre, Kelowna, Summerland and finally Penticton. Small scale commercial boating had been running since 1882 through the efforts of Captain Thomas Dolman Shorts but when the railway came and the first steam boat, the SS Aberdeen was built, commercial goods and passenger transport really took off. In reference to Okanagan Landing, Greater Vernon Museum’s former Curator, Ron Candy, says “You can compare (Okanagan Landing) to the Kelowna International Airport of the time”. 

#7 The Military Heritage 

Although there had been a number of attempts to form a militia unit in Vernon it wasn’t until 1908 that the first such unit was officially formed – it was called the Canadian Mounted Rifles and later the 30th Regiment B.C. Horse but was known more commonly as the Okanagan Mounted Rifles. A military heritage had begun to take root in the Okanagan. To quote Ron Candy,  “In 1912, the same year the 30th B.C. Horse came into being, a permanent annual district summer training camp for cavalry and infantry militia units was established in Vernon.  The camp was located on Mission Hill; the same area used today for cadet training.” This camp would be home to up to 2000 men in 1914 – two thirds the population of Vernon at the time. 

Mural in downtown Vernon depicting the military. PC: Tourism Vernon

During WW1 the 30th B.C. Horse went overseas…"During its service in France, the Regiment took part in a number of battles including Ypres, Somme, Vimy Ridge, Cambrai, and Passchendaele.  A total of 686 members of the regiment were killed in action or died from wounds." The regiment eventually morphed into the British Columbia Dragoons and fought in WW2 where they landed in Marseilles and ended up capturing the town of Delfzijl, one of Germany’s last defenses. 

On a sad note we must record the dark history of our WW1 Internment camp. The camp was on the grounds of what is now MacDonald Park near Seaton High School and "...thousands of Ukrainians and others of European descent and their families were interred and forced to do heavy labour. Of the 8,579 people interred, more than 5,000 were of Ukrainian background and many were women and children. Many were not released until 1920.” (Vernon Morningstar) 

#8 The Evolution of the City 

There are many more stories of Vernon from the beginnings of Sovereign Lake and Silverstar Mountain right up to the world class resorts above Okanagan Lake and of course the world famous wine industry at our doorstep. Today Vernon, along with the District of Coldstream and other historic surroundings, is part of the Regional District of the North Okanagan which was formed in 1965.

Kalamalka Lake

From Okanagan Lake to Swan Lake to Kalamalka Lake, and the valleys in between, Vernon has always been a place of unrivaled beauty. From the First Nations, fur traders and miners to the ranchers, businessmen and politicians, Vernon has also had an illustrious history in the Okanagan Valley, the province and the country. To live in a place of such beauty and history is indeed a privilege. 

So now that you have an idea of our city’s wonderful heritage go and dive further into it…. read more articles on this blog (linked throughout this article), read a book from the library, take a tour of our amazing murals or best of all visit our great museum. 

"The LORD is my shepherd; I shall not want. 

He makes me to lie down in green pastures;

He leads me beside the still waters..." Psalm 23:1-2

Sources & Further Reading: 

The Greater Vernon Museum and Archives:

THE HISTORY OF COLDSTREAM
AND LAVINGTON:   http://vernonmuseum.ca/ex_history_of_coldstream_and_lavington.html

THE BRITISH COLUMBIA DRAGOONS
VERNON’S OWN REGIMENT:    http://vernonmuseum.ca/ex_dragoons.html

Valley of dreams : A Pictorial History of Vernon and district

The British Garden of Eden; Paul M. Koroscil

Fintry: Lives, Loves and Dreams; Stan Saurwein 

The Vernon Morningstar

Correspondence with Dr. Duane Thomson, President of Lake Country Museum

Wikipedia 

5 Fascinating Facts about the Magi: Looking Into the History and Theology of the Three Wise Men

#1 What the Bible Tells Us

The only mention of the Magi (Wise Men) in the Bible is in Matthew’s Gospel 2:1-12. Here is a portion (the entire passage is at the bottom of this blog):  

“Now after Jesus was born in Bethlehem of Judea in the days of Herod the king, behold, wise men from the East came to Jerusalem, saying, “Where is He who has been born King of the Jews? For we have seen His star in the East and have come to worship Him.” When Herod the king heard this, he was troubled, and all Jerusalem with him… When they saw the star, they rejoiced with exceedingly great joy. And when they had come into the house, they saw the young Child with Mary His mother, and fell down and worshiped Him. And when they had opened their treasures, they presented gifts to Him: gold, frankincense, and myrrh.” (Matthew 2:1-3, 10-11).

Adoration of the Magi by Bartolomé Esteban Murillo.

The Bible never mentions how many magi came from the East but it has been traditionally represented as three most likely because there were three different types of gifts. Another misconception is that the Magi came when Jesus was an infant. Jesus was most likely between 6 months and two years old (thus Herod’s killing of all those under 2 years old later on in the passage). 

#2 Who Were the Magi?

The Greek word used for “Magi” is magos and is connected with “wise men, teachers, priests…astrologers, sorcerers etc.” (Strong’s) from Babylon or perhaps even the Orient. It is translated as “sorcerer” later in the New Testament but in this context it fits more closely to astrologers. Guzik tells us “Church traditions even tell us their names - supposedly Melchior, Caspar, and Balthasar. You can see their supposed skulls in the great cathedral at Cologne, Germany.”

Craig S. Keener PhD. makes the point that: "Matthew informs his readers that even at Jesus’ birth, the (Jewish) religious teachers who knew the most (2:5) failed to act on the truth, while (Gentile) pagans whom one would never expect to come to the Jewish Messiah did just that.”  

"Early Christian Magi". Licensed under Public Domain via Wikipedia 

Although astrology is forbidden by the Bible, God chose to reveal Himself to these people who obviously had sincere hearts in seeking the truth - just as Jesus later gave of Himself to those considered “unclean” by the religious elite. They would have been forever changed by meeting Him. 

Early Christians regarded the coming of the Magi as a significant event, even recording it in the art of the catacombs. 

The Prophecy of Balaam – Numbers 24:17

There is a prophecy of the coming Messiah in the Book of Numbers by the disingenuous prophet Balaam. 

“I see Him, but not now;

I behold Him, but not near;

A Star shall come out of Jacob;

A Scepter shall rise out of Israel,

And batter the brow of Moab,

And destroy all the sons of tumult.”

Justin Martyr and other early Church fathers related this prophecy to the Star of Bethlehem and the Magi. In fact, well respected Bible commentator Matthew Henry notes: “Perhaps this prophecy of Balaam (one of the children of the east) concerning a star that should arise out of Jacob, as the indication of a sceptre arising in Israel, being preserved by a tradition of that country, gave occasion to the wise men, who were of the east too, upon the sight of an unusual star over the land of Judea, to enquire for him that was born king of the Jews.” 

#4 The Star

There are at least three main theories as to the science behind the Star of Bethlehem which the Magi followed. Some say it was a comet (however those were usually seen as bad omens), some say it was a nova or birth of a star but the third explanation is the most likely – that it was a conjunction of planets as Johannes Kepler believed. A BBC article featuring astronomer David Hughes states:

“This leads the astronomer to conclude that the star of Bethlehem was probably not a star at all, and that it was more than one single event. …Hughes's best explanation for this series of events is something known as a triple conjunction between Jupiter and Saturn - with the two planets coming close together in the sky three times over a short period.” 

Furthermore some Christians believe it to be an entirely supernatural phenomena - “We believe it to have been a luminous appearance in mid-air; probably akin to that which led the children of Israel through the wilderness, which was a cloud by day and a pillar of fire by night..." Charles Spurgeon

#5 The Gifts 

According to biblicalarchaeology.org, “These valuable items were standard gifts to honor a king or deity in the ancient world: gold as a precious metal, frankincense as perfume or incense, and myrrh as anointing oil.” 

Gold was often a token of royalty – in this case the royalty of the baby Jesus. Frankincense was used in sacrificial offerings and could be a reference to His deity and finally myrrh was a perfuming ointment often used in embalming – this could speak of the sufferings and death that lay ahead for this little infant. 

PC: Mentalfloss.com

These were not just presents of altruism from the Magi – they were offerings to God Himself.  “This expression, used frequently in the Old Testament of the oblations presented to God, is in the New Testament employed seven times, and always in a religious sense of offerings to God. Beyond doubt, therefore, we are to understand the presentation of these gifts by the Magi as a religious offering.” James, Faucet & Brown


David Guzik leaves us with this thought-provoking statement:

“We see here three different responses to Jesus; one may say that all people respond in one of these three ways.
- Herod displayed an open hatred and hostility toward Jesus.
- The chief priests and the scribes were indifferent toward Jesus, all the while retaining their religious respectability.
- The wise men sought out Jesus, and worshipped Him - even at great cost.”

Which will we be? As they say – Wise men still seek Jesus. For it is Jesus in whom are “hid all the treasures of wisdom and knowledge” (Colossians 2:3). 



Sources and Further Reading:

The IVP Bible Background Commentary NT: Craig S. Keener 

Star of Bethlehem: The Astronomical Explanations (BBC): http://www.bbc.com/news/magazine-20730828

Biblearchaeology.org:  http://www.biblicalarchaeology.org/daily/people-cultures-in-the-bible/jesus-historical-jesus/why-did-the-magi-bring-gold-frankincense-and-myrrh/
Matthew Henry Bible Commentary

David Guzik Bible Commentary ( Blueletterbible.org) 

Wikipedia 



Matthew 2:1-13:

Now after Jesus was born in Bethlehem of Judea in the days of Herod the king, behold, wise men from the East came to Jerusalem,
saying, “Where is He who has been born King of the Jews? For we have seen His star in the East and have come to worship Him.”
When Herod the king heard this, he was troubled, and all Jerusalem with him.
And when he had gathered all the chief priests and scribes of the people together, he inquired of them where the Christ was to be born.
So they said to him, “In Bethlehem of Judea, for thus it is written by the prophet:
 ‘But you, Bethlehem, in the land of Judah,
Are not the least among the rulers of Judah;
For out of you shall come a Ruler
Who will shepherd My people Israel.’ ”
Then Herod, when he had secretly called the wise men, determined from them what time the star appeared.
And he sent them to Bethlehem and said, “Go and search carefully for the young Child, and when you have found Him, bring back word to me, that I may come and worship Him also.”
When they heard the king, they departed; and behold, the star which they had seen in the East went before them, till it came and stood over where the young Child was.
When they saw the star, they rejoiced with exceedingly great joy.
And when they had come into the house, they saw the young Child with Mary His mother, and fell down and worshiped Him. And when they had opened their treasures, they presented gifts to Him: gold, frankincense, and myrrh.
Then, being divinely warned in a dream that they should not return to Herod, they departed for their own country another way.
Now when they had departed, behold, an angel of the Lord appeared to Joseph in a dream, saying, “Arise, take the young Child and His mother, flee to Egypt, and stay there until I bring you word; for Herod will seek the young Child to destroy Him.”

Little Mousey By Gramma

Little Mousey by Debra Harder | Make Your Own Book


http://www.blurb.ca/b/6765344-little-mousey 

The Gift Card (How the Gospel Is Like a Gift Card)

So this Christmas I received, as I’m sure many of you have, a few gift cards. Whether they are big or small most people get some for the holidays. One of the cards I received this year was from Sherry’s Grandma (she’s become my Grandma too). It was a Starbucks card and Sherry and I thoroughly enjoyed using it on our day off together.

I guess what I like about gift cards is that they are a means for me to receive something valuable for free. But when you think about it, it’s not really free – someone had to pay for it. In this instance it was our Grandma but it made me think of another instance.

I’ve known a few people who just can’t wrap their mind around the Gospel of Jesus – basically because it’s something offered for free. And not just anything – but the very eternal salvation of our souls. Eternal salvation not just to live the way we do now but to live in Heaven with our Creator and the One who loves us. Our Maker has made a way back to Himself!

“For by grace you have been saved through faith, and that not of yourselves; it is the gift of God, not of works, lest anyone should boast.” Ephesians 2:8-9.

But things that are free often raise the suspicion of many. If it’s so good – why is it free? Isn’t anything worth having worth working hard for?  So whether it’s a lack of trust, pride or just a lifetime of being used to having to work hard for everything little thing you’ve received – many people struggle with this idea of a  “free” gift of salvation. 

However here is where salvation is like a gift card. It may be free to you – but it’s not free. Freedom itself is not free and it never has been. Oh, God knows it’s not free – just like the gift card someone had to pay for it. And Jesus paid dearly for it on the cross! God’s Son was the “Giver” of this gift card so to speak. He paid a debt that we could not pay no matter how much money we had or how hard we worked or how good we were. He paid the debt of sin which made the way for the “gift” of eternal salvation.  

So what’s our part of the deal? 

1) Well similar to the gift card at Christmas we first must receive and accept it from the giver. It’s our choice to do so. 

2) And we certainly don’t try to pay for it as this would greatly insult the giver and miss the point.

3) We also trust the person who gave it to us. We trust them that it has value and that it will actually pay for the cup of coffee or the iTunes song (or whatever it might be). 

4) Finally, we need to redeem it. Go to the store, cash it in – enjoy the gift.  Merry Christmas!

5 Fascinating Facts About James Reimer: Toronto/San Jose Goalie

Origins

James Reimer was born in Arborg, Manitoba, March 15th, 1988 and was raised in the small community of Morweena nearby. Morweena is a Mennonite community that is home to roughly 150 people and was part of the Rural Municipality of Bifrost ( Now the Municipilaty of Bifrost-Riverton) . In Norse mythology Bifrost was the rainbow bridge that connected Midgard (Earth) to Asgard (Home of the gods). 

James begin his minor hockey career relatively late by NHL standards at the age of 12 but had been stopping pucks in the net since his brother Mark wanted someone to shoot on. James laced up the pads on his parents’ (Harold and Marlene’s) backyard rink and thus begin an amazing, if not unconventional, road to the NHL. 

Road To the NHL

James was playing with a church team in a Steinbach, MB tournament when he was noticed by his now agent, Ray Petkau. After playing AAA Midget league, Reimer was selected by the WHL’s Red Deer Rebels in the fifth round where the influence of scout Carter Sears was a large part of his success – supporting him even when coach Brent Sutter wanted to release him. Reimer made the Rebels’ roster in his third attempt and was later drafted 99th overall in the NHL Entry Draft by no less than the Toronto Maple Leafs. 

James had not even attended the draft because of his high school graduation and because he hadn’t wanted to get his “hopes too high” on being drafted. Nevertheless, he was and his agent Ray Petkau called him with the good news.  Reimer attended two training camps with the Leafs in 2006 and 2007 but ultimately ended up back in Red Deer. In 2008 Reimer signed a 3 year entry level deal with the Maple leafs and was soon assigned to the AHL’s Toronto Marlies. He was however, sent down a notch again to the ECHL’s Reading Royals and later the South Carolina Sting Rays. It was a rough time for James but his perseverance was strong. He eventually won the ECHL Playoffs Most Valuable Player award with the championship Sting Rays in 2009. 

The NHL

Finally on December 20, 2010 James entered an NHL crease for the first time, relieving Jonas Gustavsson in the third period of a game against the Atlanta Thrashers. His first official NHL start would be against the Ottawa Senators on January 1st, 2011 – a game he won with 32 saves. 

As any hockey fan will tell you there is a lot of pressure playing for the Toronto Maple Leafs in what is the largest hockey market on earth. He was a fan favourite in his rookie season and was dubbed “Optimus Reim” by one fan (referencing the Transformers hero) and it stuck. However, Reimer has been through many ups and downs with the fabled Leafs organization. When you are doing well in Toronto things are great and when you aren’t they’re terrible. But Reimer has gained a reputation for calmness in the goal whatever may be happening. 

He was part of a tandem goaltending unit for the Maple Leafs along with Jonathan Bernier until being traded to the San Jose Sharks in February of 2016. Reimer said of his move to San Jose: " Getting this opportunity to come to a team like San Jose that is poised to do some damage, it's exciting. It's an opportunity where you have to try to make the most of it." Reimer has also played for Canada at the World Championships in both 2011 and 2014. 

Family

James met his wife, B.C. native April Dalman, while she was attending  Briercrest Bible College in Saskatchewan. She went with a friend to watch James play in Moosejaw during his Red Deer Rebels stint, met him after the game and things unfolded from there. Until that night she had never been to a hockey game in her life. They married in June of 2010.

April admits its not always easy be married to a NHL goaltender – especially in the GTA. “There does come something with that role of being (James’) wife,” she admitted. “You do have to carry yourself positively and you have to be careful what you say and what you do and realize who you’re talking to. Whatever I do will reflect on …James ..” (Briercrest.ca/bcast/news). Having said that she has not been shy with her support of James on her Twitter account and has sometimes had to endure some rather horrible heckling on the social media site. 

Although the hope of both James and April is to win a Stanley Cup they’re ultimate priority is higher than that. As April has put it: “It’s more than just James and it’s more than just me and it’s more than just hockey,” …“Yes, hockey’s a big part of our life, but it’s not our first goal in life. Faith come first – then family – then hockey.” 

Faith

James Reimer’s Christian faith is evident wherever he goes. Not one to push anything down people’s throats, he still manages to gain the respect of his teammates and share his faith in his own personal way. James refers to becoming a Christian at the tender age of 7 but also having a later re-connection with God at the age of 14 at which point he said he was “born again”.  In regards to a picture of Jesus pulling a doubt-filled Peter out of the sea on his goalie mask, Reimer has said “It’s my story, in a modern way… When Peter lost focus on Jesus, things began to go badly for him, but when he focused on the Lord and was confident in his faith then he had the ability to do anything…” (Manitoba Hockey News) 

James also often references a passage from the book of Philippians: 

“Be anxious for nothing, but in everything by prayer and supplication, with thanksgiving, let your requests be made known to God; and the peace of God, which surpasses all understanding, will guard your hearts and minds through Christ Jesus.” Philippians 4:6-7

"Things are going to happen and stuff. When you have something like Christ to lean on, it just adds a peace that surpasses all understanding” (The Canadian Press). 

Despite many injuries, an unconventional road to professional hockey and many “rejections”, James has succeeded in his goal of playing in the NHL and he unreservedly attributes his personal tenacity and good fortune to his faith in God. As Reimer seeks to store his treasures in Heaven above all else, perhaps – just maybe – he will  get a Stanley Cup to go along with it. 

Sources & Further Reading:

The Canadian Press:  http://www.nhl.com/ice/news.htm?id=745454

The Globe & Mail: http://www.theglobeandmail.com/sports/hockey/leafs-beat/james-reimer-has-faith-in-his-game/article613089/

Briercrest News: http://www.briercrest.ca/bcast/news/article.aspx?id=1367

Manitoba Hockey News: http://manitobahockeynews.com/reimers-christian-upbringing-leads-to-hockey-success/                                                                                                                                                                 

 Wikipedia 

"And Peter answered Him and said, “Lord, if it is You, command me to come to You on the water.”So He said, “Come.” And when Peter had come down out of the boat, he walked on the water to go to Jesus.But when he saw that the wind was boisterous, he was afraid; and beginning to sink he cried out, saying, “Lord, save me!”And immediately Jesus stretched out His hand and caught him, and said to him, “O you of little faith, why did you doubt?” 

Matthew 14:28-31

In the Fullness of Time: 4 Historic Facts about the Nativity of Jesus Christ

The Year

As for the year of Jesus Christ’s birth, it is estimated to be between 6-4 B.C. as Luke 1:5 refers to “The days of Herod” who died in 4 B.C. Ironically, 1 A.D. (Anno Domini or “In the Year of Our Lord” ) is not an accurate date as the calendar was slightly miscalculated by Dionysius Exiguus but has since become the world-wide accepted format. 

Dionysius Exiguus invented Anno Domini years to date Easter.

The Day

As for the day of His birth, some scholars say that it could not be December 25th because the Shepherds would not be out in the fields in the winter. They would suggest it was rather sometime in the spring. Others claim that it is indeed December 25th including Sextus Julius Africanus ( 2nd century A.D.), Hyppolytus (3rd century A.D.) and later, John Chrysostom. It was decided to celebrate Christmas on this date at least partially because the Roman Church wanted to have a replacement holiday for the pagan festival of Saturnalia. 

The simple fact is that no one really knows the exact date of Jesus’ birth and that, ultimately, it does not matter. Had God wanted the exact date to be known He would have recorded it in Scripture. As is usually God’s way, it is more important that we know the Why than the When, Where or How.

Cyrenius of Syria 

There has always been some debate among secular historians as to the accuracy of Luke when he says  

“And it came to pass in those days, that there went out a decree from Caesar Augustus, that all the world should be taxed. (And this taxing was first made when Cyrenius was governor of Syria (Luke 2:1-2).” 

The difficulty lies in the fact that Cyrenius was not an actual governor until 6A.D., however it is highly likely that he was in a position of leadership ( which is all that the Greek word for governor implies) much earlier. 

Coin - Cyrenius (Quirinius) Governor of Syria when Jesus was born.

James, Faucet & Brown add two more widely acceptable reconciliations for this verse by Luke:  

1) A nuance of translation:  "This registration was previous to Cyrenius being governor of Syria"--as the word "first" is rendered in Jhn 1:15 15:18. In this case, of course, the difficulty vanishes.”

2) "But it is perhaps better to suppose, with others, that the registration may have been ordered with a view to the taxation, about the time of our Lord's birth, though the taxing itself--an obnoxious measure in Palestine--was not carried out till the time of Quirinus.” In other words, the enrollment for the taxation started earlier while the taxation itself was not executed until later on. 

Augustus Caesar and the Pax Romana

In the book of Galatians, chapter 4, Paul speaks of the timing of Jesus Christ’s entry into the world in broader terms …

“But when the fullness of the time had come, God sent forth His Son, born of a woman, born under the law, to redeem those who were under the law, that we might receive the adoption as sons…” Gal 4:4-5

David Guzik comments, “For those who were under bondage to the law, it may seem that Jesus' coming was late. Paul assures us that it was at just the right time.” We often wonder how long it will take for the Lord Jesus to return again – but like the Incarnation it will at just the right time as judged by the Father. 

With an understanding of the world at this special time in history we can see at least one of the reasons why Paul referred to it is the “fullness of the time” or when the time was just right. The Roman ruler, Octavian, had defeated Mark Antony and Cleopatra at the battle of Actium in 31 B.C. and had begun an empire-wide peace that had been unprecedented in the world. He became the first Emperor of Rome and took the title Augustus. He reigned until 14 A.D. 

Statue - Agustus of Prima Porta

As Boice (quoted by Guzik)  puts it:  "It was a time when the pax Romana (*Roman Peace) extended over most of the civilized earth and when travel and commerce were therefore possible in a way that had formerly been impossible. Great roads linked the empire of the Caesars, and its diverse regions were linked far more significantly by the all-pervasive language of the Greeks. Add the fact that the world was sunk in a moral abyss ... and that spiritual hunger was everywhere evident, and one has a perfect time for the coming of Christ and for the early expansion of the Christian gospel." 

As much as Augustus Caesar was viewed as a political saviour at the time, the world needed something more… a Saviour of the soul. And thus Jesus was born and lived and died, not in the pomp and ceremony of Augustus, but in a manger, as a carpenter and on a cross. 

Christmas is not about a day or a date. It is not about power, politics or materialism. It is about celebrating, along with the angels of Heaven, the birth of the soul Saviour, Jesus the Son of God. 

“And she will bring forth a Son, and you shall call His name JESUS, for He will save His people from their sins.” Matthew 1:21

5 Fast Facts About the Term “Xmas” and Its Historic Christian Origins

Christian Origins

Far from being a secular attempt to get rid of the name of Christ, Xmas started out within the church as an abbreviation for Christmas. Some say the use of the X for Christ dates back to the earliest days of Christianity but what we know for sure is that it was used as early as 1021 in the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle. Whatever you may think about abbreviations, it soon became a well-known Christian symbol. As theologian R.C. Sproul says "There’s a long and sacred history of the use of X to symbolize the name of Christ, and from its origin, it has meant no disrespect."

Chi-Rho

These two Greek letters are the first two letters of the Greek name of Christ “ Χριστός “ . This word is transliterated as Christos (pronounced “khrē-sto's”). In Greek it means “anointed” and refers to the Messiah prophesied in the Old Testament.  

As one can see by looking at these first two letters they look like an English X and P and so X or sometimes XP became a well-known Christian symbol. This symbol is called the labarum or Chi-Rho. The Chi-Rho symbol seems to be similar in its usage to the well-known “Christian Fish”. The fish symbol has been used since the early times of the church because the Greek acronym “Icthus” (Jesus Christ Son of God Saviour) happens to spell “fish”. 

PC: mentalfloss.com

Its Not Pronounced “Ex-mas”

Although the term Xmas appears to be pronounced “Ex-mas”, it should not be. In the early usages of the X symbol it was always understood that to say it aloud meant to say “Christ” - for X was not just a symbol for Christ but meant Christ itself just as “Mr.” means “Mister”.  The Oxford English Dictionary sites this type of usage as early as 1485. In fact, other terms have been used the same way including Xian and Xianity (Christian and Christianity). 

Today’s Use Of the Term

So now we know of the historical and symbolic significance of the term “Xmas” but does that mean that all people and businesses who use the term today are using it with this rich heritage in mind? Of course not. For the most part today people use this term for brevity, out of laziness or some even as a direct way of “crossing out” the name of Christ. But I'm not into the "war on Christmas" ideology. I think there is a better way to handle this...

So What Do We Do Now? 

Personally I still like to write out “Christmas” in full as not many people know of this history. However, knowing now both the Christian history of the term Xmas and its modern day (often careless usage)  I would suggest that we, as Christians, do not berate someone for using Xmas in an unkind or combative way but rather use it as an opportunity to tell them about its true origins and, in doing so, share the Gospel as well. Because the Gospel is what Christmas is all about! 

“…but these are written that you may believe that Jesus is the Christ, the Son of God, and that believing you may have life in His name.” John 20:21

Sources: 

R.C. Sproul  http://www.ligonier.org/blog/why-is-x-used-when-it-replaces-christ-in-christmas/

Dennis Bratcher  http://www.crivoice.org/symbols/xmasorigin.html

Snopes http://www.snopes.com/holidays/christmas/xmasabbr.asp

Wikipedia